Iran has called on a Shiite proxy force to “rise up” and fight against the Taliban terrorist group, according to Jomhouri-e Eslami, a newspaper owned by the Iranian regime, in its lead print story on July 19.
Often described as an official Iranian newspaper whose editor-in-chief is appointed by Iranian Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei, Jomhouri-e Eslami reported that the new militia, Harshad Al-Shiite, will fight the Taliban.
“To fight against the Taliban, Harshad Al-Shiite rise in Afghanistan,” reads the lead in Farsi.
The news, also reported by other Middle East media such as Al Arabiya and Radio Farda, has sparked a storm of reactions from Afghan netizens and analysts.
In a previous news analysis, The Epoch Times reported that the complicated situation inside Afghanistan will provide greater opportunities for Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) to create its own Shiite proxy and to exploit the situation to develop Shiite fundamentalism inside Afghanistan.
While there’s not much currently known about Hashad Al-Shiite, the paper reported that the leader of the new Shiite force inside Afghanistan has a history in Iraq, such as the leader of PMU (Popular Mobilization Units) or Hashad Al-Shabi, a Shiite militia formed in Iraq.
Hamid Bahrami, a former political prisoner in Iran and independent Middle East analyst based in Glasgow, Scotland, told The Epoch Times over the phone that Hashad Al-Shabi was formed by deceased IRGC Quds Force Commander Qaseem Soleimani, and it’s very likely that his successor, Esmail Ghaani, will lead the Afghan version.
“Hashad Al-Shabi acts in favor of IRGC in Iraq. It’s just the beginning,” said Bahrami. “Liwa Fatemyoun will be the main core of Harshad Al-Shabi in Afghanistan. Remember, Soleimani’s successor has expertise in Afghanistan affairs.”
Liwa Fatemiyoun is a Shia militant force formed primarily of Afghan Shia militia by the IRGC to fight in Syria for the regime of Bashar al-Assad. Canada designated the group a terrorist organization in 2019.
“Founded in the 1980s, the Fatemiyoun Division served Iran’s interests in both the Afghan civil war and the Iran–Iraq War. Since 2012, the militia has been revitalized under the auspices of the Iranian Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC),” said Lars Hauch for the Middle East Institute, in an analysis based on the story of a Fatemiyoun fighter and his selected writings in 2019.
Bahrami said Iran knows that the United States can use the Taliban as a Trojan horse against it.
“I mean the U.S. aims to keep this card for a possible clash with Iran,” he said. “A U.S.–Iran military conflict is on the horizon because Iran will never abandon its nuclear ambitions. The main reason that the IRGC seeks to build its own Shiite proxy is it understands that the Taliban can easily shift alliance. Today, the Taliban realizes that it can make a deal with a superpower like the U.S. This can be like what the U.S. did against the Soviet Union.”
Qasim Wafayezada, the former head of Afghanistan’s civil aviation authority and the author of “Ethnic Politics and Peacebuilding in Afghanistan,” said on Twitter that a Shiite proxy by Iran inside Afghanistan complicates the war.
“Incitement of security threats against the people of Afghanistan will ignite a fire that will engulf Iran. Such mercenary gangs and tools of foreigners have no place among the people of Afghanistan!” Wafayezada wrote.
Strategic Hedging
As the United States approaches its deadline for complete withdrawal from Afghanistan and the Taliban gains more territory, the Iranian regime’s strategic policy of simultaneously supporting the Afghan government and the Taliban has become more pronounced.
So, while the Iranian regime is diplomatically engaging with President Ashraf Ghani’s government and the Taliban, it’s also creating a Shiite proxy, an action that Bahrami called “pushing Afghanistan in a deeper sectarian crisis.”
Diplomatic narratives have been the predominant tool amid the hedging and the Khomeini regime’s media mouthpieces have published editorials about the Sunni-dominant Taliban reforming and about no longer being a threat to Shia-dominant Iran.
A veteran journalist of Iranian descent, Amir Taheri, who from 1972-1979 was editor-in-chief of the Daily Kayham, the media outlet that reflects the viewpoints of Khamenei, wrote in an editorial on Ashraq Al-Awsat on July 9 about a Daily Kayham editorial claiming that the Taliban have reformed and are no longer a threat to the Afghan Shiites or Iran.
Days after the editorial, Iranian Revolutionary Guard’s FARS news site said that Tehran wants an anti-American government in Kabul, and that the Islamic regime has reached an understanding with both the Taliban and the al-Qaeda group about that, Taheri said.
“In a confrontation with America, the Afghan battlefield finds a strategic importance beyond the Taliban,” the Daily Kayham editorial stated.
Taheri, who in his editorial called the terror group a “smorgasbord known under the generic label Taliban,” said the IRGC editorial boasted that Iran “without a doubt has played a major, though complicated, role in reshaping the behavior of both the Taliban and al-Qaeda.”
Taheri expressed surprise that the regime would say such a thing.
“Forgetting years of denial that Iran had any relations with Al-Qaeda and the Taliban, the IRGC analyst now says ‘Iran has succeeded in persuading them to cooperate in securing Iran’s interests,'” said Taheri. “Immediately afterward, Afghan parliament member Abdul-Sattar Husseini presented a report showing that Tehran had resumed shipping arms and money to the Taliban.”
Bahrami says by talking about a “reformed Taliban,” the Iranian regime is creating a “short-term friendship” with the Taliban to gain ground and time in Afghanistan.
Suspicion About the Taliban
After the editorials praising the Taliban were published, the Tehran-based reformist newspaper Shargh criticized them, calling such claims immature.
“Justifications, including that the Taliban is not the previous Taliban, are very naive,” the paper stated. “If they prevail this time, they will use more violence against others because they are relieved of the West’s re-intervention. In addition, the Taliban have explicitly stated that they want an Islamic state, and even this idea is against the wishes of the Iranian hard-liners because such a government would define the Iranian government as its first enemy. Since the Shiites are considered infidels, they will start massacring them.”
Alef, another newspaper owned by an Iranian hardliner, wrote in an editorial that it’s difficult to trust the Taliban.
“Although the Taliban have not had hostile relations with Iran for years and have now given a safe deposit to the Shiites of Afghanistan, how much can we trust Salafist groups of this kind?” reads the editorial published on June 26. “If this group can dominate the whole of Afghanistan, how confident can we be about not changing its ideological nature and not leaping at the level of its ideals and goals?
Diplomatically, the Iranian regime has been trying to keep the Taliban on its good side, although behind the scenes, it’s preparing itself for a military confrontation and has put its Islamic guards on high alert on its border with Afghanistan, according to Radio Farda, an Iranian broadcaster managed by the U.S. government.
Iran’s Tasnim news agency also reported about the IRGC being on high alert on the country’s border with Afghanistan but claimed the threat was from smugglers and outlaws rather than the Taliban, and said the border is calm.
Bahrami said that while Iran and the Taliban seem to have a tactical friendship, they have long been sworn enemies.
“The U.S. overthrew the Taliban because of its terrorism, but the Taliban was an enemy against Iran. Since 2001, Iran has exploited the situation as its enemy (Taliban) has become a tactical friend. If the U.S. wants to destabilize Iran’s eastern borders, the Taliban can do this and its structure and anti-Shiite ideology encourage them to do so,” said Bahrami.
“Iran smells a threat from the Taliban,” he added. “If it moves toward making a [nuclear] bomb or wants to do anything else against the U.S., the U.S. or a country like Saudi Arabia can push the Taliban against Iran.”
Another reason for the Iranian regime to create a Shiite force inside Afghanistan is to build a “front line” in the war-torn country, according to Bahrami.
“Building proxies in Lebanon, Iraq, Yemen, or tactical support for some Sunni groups is the main agenda of having hegemony in the Middle East. They say if they don’t fight in these countries, they will need to fight in Tehran,” said Bahrami, adding that the regime views itself as the Shiite leadership of the Islamic world.
Iranian State-Run Newspaper Reports Creation of Shiite Proxy Against Taliban (theepochtimes.com)
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